Isingeniso Esifushane se-PLA

Mayelana ne-PLA

I-PLA, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-polylactide, i-polyester eyenziwe nge-polymerized kusuka ku-lactic acid.I-Polylactic acid ine-biodegradability enhle kakhulu, ukuhambisana nokumuncwa.Kuyinto engenabuthi, engacasuli yokwenziwa kwe-polymer.Impahla yayo eluhlaza i-lactic acid, etholakala ngokuyinhloko ekuvubeleni kwesitashi, njengommbila nelayisi.Ingatholakala futhi ku-cellulose, udoti wasekhishini noma imfucumfucu yezinhlanzi.

I-PLA inohlu olubanzi lwezinto ezingavuthiwe, futhi imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngayo ingahlanganiswa ngokuqondile noma ishiswe, engahlangabezana nezidingo zentuthuko esimeme.Ukucaca okuhle kanye nokuqina okuthile, i-biocompatibility kanye nokumelana nokushisa kwe-PLA yizizathu eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kwayo okusabalele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PLA ine-thermoplasticity futhi ingasetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi, njengempahla yokupakisha, imicu njll.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical yendabuko, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ekukhiqizeni i-polylactic acid kungama-20% kuya ku-50% kuphela wemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical, kanti i-carbon dioxide ekhiqizwayo ingama-50% kuphela wemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical.Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezibolayo ze-polylactic acid kuyadingeka ukuze kuncishiswe izinkinga zomhlaba wonke zezemvelo namandla.

Imininingwane ye-PLA
1. Ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo
Uma kuqhathaniswa namapulastiki endabuko, i-polylactic acid ingehliswa ibe yi-CO2 ne-H2O ngama-microorganisms nokukhanya.Imikhiqizo yayo yokucekela phansi ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinabungozi, futhi ngeke ingcolise imvelo.I-monomer yokukhiqiza i-polylactic acid i-lactic acid, engavutshelwa izitshalo ezifana nokolweni, irayisi kanye nebhitrudi kashukela noma imikhiqizo yezolimo.Ngakho-ke, impahla eluhlaza yokukhiqiza i-polylactic acid iyavuseleleka.I-Polylactic acid njengento ekhulayo ebolayo isetshenziswa kabanzi.
2. I-Biocompatibility kanye ne-Absorbability
I-Polylactic acid ingenziwa i-hydrolyzed nge-asidi noma i-enzyme ukuze yakhe i-lactic acid emzimbeni womuntu.Njenge-metabolite yamangqamuzana, i-lactic acid ingaphinde isetshenziswe ngama-enzyme emzimbeni, ukukhiqiza i-CO2 ne-H2O.Ngakho-ke, i-polylactic acid ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinabungozi emzimbeni womuntu, ngaphezu kwalokho ine-biocompatibility enhle kanye ne-bioabsorbability.I-Polylactic acid iqinisekiswe yi-US Food and Drug Administration engasetshenziswa njenge-biomaterial ukuze ifakwe kubantu.

3. Ukwazi Ngomzimba
Njengempahla ye-polymer ye-thermoplastic, i-polylactic acid ine-plasticity enhle kanye nezakhiwo zokucubungula ngokomzimba, ezinephuzu eliphezulu lokuncibilika kanye ne-crysallinity, ukunwebeka okuhle nokuguquguquka, kanye ne-thermoformability enhle kakhulu.Izinto ze-Polylactic acid, njengezinto ze-polymer ezifana ne-polypropylene (PP), i-polystyrene (PS), ne-polyphenylene ether resin (PPO), zingacutshungulwa ngokukhipha, ukwelula, nokubunjwa kokushaywa komjovo.